* All readings which are not available online can be obtained on reserve in the SIS Library.

Overview of Digital Preservation Issues

Su-Shing Chen, "The Paradox of Digital Preservation," Computer (2001), available online at:  http://is.gseis.ucla.edu/us-interpares/R3ChenS.pdf

Margaret Hedstrom, "Digital Preservation:  A Time Bomb for Digital Libraries," Computers and the Humanities 31 (1998):  189-202.  Also available online at:  http://www.uky.edu/~kiernan/DL/hedstrom.html .

Peter Lyman and Howard Besser, "Defining the Problem of Our Vanishing Memory:  Background, Current Status, Models for Resolution," in Time & Bits:  Managing Digital Continuity (Santa Monica, CA:  Getty Conservation Institute, 1998):  11-20.  On reserve.
 

Digitization and Preservation

Stephen G. Nichols and Abby Smith, The Evidence in Hand:  Report of the Task Force on the Artifact in Library Collections (CLIR Report, Nov. 2001).  Available online at:  http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub103/pub103.pdf .
 

Digital Imaging and Other Reformatting Options for Books and Documents

Stephen Chapman, Paul Conway, and Anne R. Kenney, "Digital Imaging and Preservation Microfilm:  The Future of the Hybrid Approach for the Preservation of Brittle Books."  Available online at:  http://www.rlg.org/preserv/diginews/diginews3-1.html#feature1 .

Paul Conway, Digital Technology Made Simpler (Northeast Document Conservation Center, 1999).  Available online at:  http://www.nedec.org/plam3/tleaf54.htm .

Paul Conway, Preservation in the Digital World (Commission on Preservation and Access, Mar. 1996).  Available online at:  http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/conway2/index.html .

Digital Document Imaging:  Guidelines for State of Ohio Executive Agencies.  Available online at:  http://www.ohiojunction.net/erc/imaging/imageingguidelines.html.

Don R. Williams, "Data Conversion:  A Tutorial on Electronic Document Imaging," in Preserving Digital Information:  Report of the Task Force on Archiving of Digital Information (Washington, D.C.:  Commission on Preservation and Access and Research Libraries Group, may 1996):  59-79.  Available online at:  http://www.rlg.org/ArchTF/index.html . 

CDL [California Digital Libraries] Technical Architecture and Standards Workgroup, “Best Practices for Image Capture,” available online at: http://www.cdlib.org/libstaff/technology/tas/Standards/ImageCapture/Image.Capture-090199.html

Stephen Chapman and Anne R. Kenney, “Digital Conversion of Library Research Materials:  A Case for Full Information Capture,” D-Lib Magazine (Oct. 1996), available online at:  http://www.dlib.org/dlib/october96/cornell/10chapman.html

Carl Fleischhauer, "Digital Formats for Content Reproductions," (Library of Congress, July 1998), available online at: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/formats.html

Appraisal

Ross Atkinson, "Selection for Preservation:  A Materialistic Approach," Library Resources & Technical Services 30 (1986):  341-53.  On reserve.

Paul Conway, " Selecting Microfilm for Digital Preservation," Library Resources & Technical Services 40 (Jan. 1996):  67-77.  On reserve.

Paula De Stefano, "Use-Based Selection for Preservation Microfilming,"  Colleges & Research Libraries 56 (Sept. 1995):  409-18.  On reserve.

Gerald George, Difficult Choices:  How Can Scholars Help Save Endangered Research Resources?  (Washington, D.C.:  Commission on Preservation and Access, 1995).  On reserve.  Z 701.3 S38G46 1995

Janet Gertz, "Selection for Preservation:  A Digital Solution for the Illustrated Text," Library Resources & Technical Resources 40.1 (1986):  78-83.  On reserve.

Janet Gertz, "Selection for Preservation in the Digital Age:  An Overview," Microform & Imaging Review 30.2 (Spring 2001):  48-56.  On reserve.

"Intrinsic Value in Archival Material," NARS Staff Information Paper , no. 21 (Washington, D.C.:  National Archives and Records Service, 1982).  Available online at:  http://www.archives.gov/research_room/alic/reference_desk/archives_resources/archival_material_intrinsic_value.html .

Angelika Menne-Hartiz and Nils Brübach, "The Intrinsic Value of Archive and Library Material."  Available online at:  http://www.uni-marburg.de/archivschule/intrinsengl.html .

Task Forces on Archival Selection to the Commission on Preservation and Access, "The Preservation of Archival Materials" (Apr. 1993).  Available online at:  http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/arcrept/arcreprt.html .
 

Intellectual Property Issues

Samuel Demas and Jennie L. Brogdon, "Determining Copyright Status for Preservation and Access:  Defining Reasonable Effort," Library Resources & Technical Services 41.4 (Oct. 1997):  323-34.  On reserve.

Catherine Seville and Ellis Weinberger, "Intellectual Property Rights Lessons from the CEDARS Project for Digital Preservation," (June 200).  Available online at:  http://www.leeds.ac.uk/cedars/colman/CIW03.pdf .
 

Digitizing and Preserving Still Images, Moving Images, and Sound

Art Journal 56.3 (Fall 1997, special issue:  Digital Reflections:  The Dialogue of Art and Technology").  Table of contents at: http://www.collegeart.org/caa/publications/AJ/1997/fall/contents.html .

Howard Besser and Jennifer Trant, Introduction to Imaging:  Issues in Constructing an Image Database (Getty Art History Information Project, 1995).  Available online at:  http://www.getty.edu/research/institute/standards/introimages .

Kevin Donovan, "The Anatomy of an Imaging Project:  A Primer for Museums, Libraries, Archives, and Other Visual Collections," Spectra 23.2 (Winter 1995/96):  9-22.  On reserve.

Michael Ester, Digital Image Collections:  Issues and Practices (Washington, D.C.:  Commission on Preservation and Access, 1996).  On reserve.  TA 1637 E88 1996

Michael Friend, "Film / Digital / Film," Journal of Film Preservation 50 (Mar. 1995):  36-49.  On reserve.

Dieter Hopkin, "Shifting the Focus:  Digital Imaging & Photographic Collections Management at the National Railway Museum," Microform and Imaging Review 26 (1997):  67-72.  On reserve.

Anne R. Kenney and Stephen Chapman, Digital Imaging for Libraries and Archives (Ithaca, NY:  Dept. of Preservation and Conservation, Cornell University Library, 1996).  Chapters 2, 3, and 6.  On reserve.  Z 681.3 D53K36 1996

RLG Digital Image Access Project:  Proceedings from an RLG Symposium , March 31 and April 1, 1995, Palo Alto, Calif. (Mountain View, CA:  Research Libraries Group, 1995).  On reserve.  Z 710.3 D54R44 1995

Save Our History:  Save Our Sounds [video] (History Channel, 2002).  Available on videotape from instructor.

Spectra, Fall 2000 issue (pub. of the Museum Computer Network), special issue on preservation of images).  Available online at:  http://www.mcn.edu/pdf/MCN_Spectra_Fall00.pdf .

Gilles St.-Laurent, "Digital Audio at the National Library of Canada," Network Notes 49.  Available online at:  http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/publications/1/1p1-248-e.html .

"Standards, Recommended Practices, and Strategies," Technical Committee of the IASA [International Assocation of Sound Archives], "The Safeguarding of the Audio Heritage:  Ethics, Principles, and Preservation Strategy," (Sept. 2001).  Available online at:  http://www.llgc.org.uk/iasa/iasa0013.htm . 

Janet Gertz, Robert Cartolano, and Susan Klimley, Oversize Color Images Project Phase II:  Final Report to the Commission on Preservation and Access (Nov. 1996), available online at:  http://www.columbia.edu/dlc/nysmb/reports/phase2.html

Michael Friend, “Film / Digital / Film,” Journal of Film Preservation 50 (Mar. 1995).  On reserve.

Jim Lindner, “Digitization Reconsidered,” available online at: http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byauth/lindner/digirecon.html

Bartek Plichta and Mark Kornbluh, "Digitizing Speech Recordings for Archival Purposes," available online at:   http://www.historicalvoices.org/papers/audio_digitization.pdf

Digital Longevity

Mark Arps, "CD-ROM:  Archival Considerations," Preservation of Electronic Formats and Electronic Formats for Preservation, ed. Janice Mohlenrich (Highsmith Press, 1993):  83-107 .  On reserve.

Alan Calmes, "To Archive and Preserve:  A Media Primer," Inform (May 1987):  14-17, 33. On reserve.

Michael Lesk, "Preservation of New Technology," Technology Assessment Advisory Committee to the Commission on Preservation and Access (Oct. 1992).  Available online at:  http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byauth/lesk/lesk2.html.

National Archives and Records Service, "The National Archives and Records Administration and the Long-Term Usability of Optical Media for Federal Records:  Three Critical Problem Areas" (1992).  Available online at:  http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/by topic/electronic-records/electronic-storage-media.critiss.html .

Jim Wheeler, AMIA Videotape Preservation Fact Sheets (Preservation Committee of the Association of Moving Image Archivists, 2002).  Available:  http://www.amianet.org/11_Information/11g_VidPres/intro.html. 

Charles Dollar,  Authentic Electronic Records:  Strategies for Long-Term Access (Chicago: Cohasset Associates, 1999).  Appendix 1, 5 (pp. 147-194, 215-222).  On reserve.  CD 974.4 D65 1999

P.C. Hariharan, “Media,” UCLA Information Studies Seminar on Preserving Authentic Records in Electronic Systems, the US-INTERPARES Project (1999), available online at:  http://is.gseis.ucla.edu/us-interpares/Mediareport.pdf

Preservation Strategies:  Refreshing, Reformatting, Migration, and Emulation

Edward A. Fox, et al., "Digital Libraries:  Introduction," Communications of the ACM 38 (Apr. 1995):  23-24.  On reserve.

Peter S. Graham, "Requirements for the Digital Research Library," College & Research Libraries 56 (July 1995):  331-39.  On reserve.

Stewart Granger, "Emulation as a Digital Preservation Strategy," D-Lib Magazine (Oct. 2000).  Available online at:  http://www.dlib.org/dlib/october00/granger/10granger.html .

Douglas Kranch, "Beyond Migration:  Preserving Electronic Documents with Digital Tablets," Information Technology and Libraries 17.3 (Sept. 1998):  138-48.  On reserve.

Poul Steen Larsen, "Books and Bytes:  Preserving Documents for Posterity," JASIS 50 (1999):  1020-1027.  Available via PITTCAT.

David M. Levy and Catherine C. Marshall, "Going Digital:  A Look at Assumptions Underlying Digital Libraries,"  Communications of the ACM 38 (Apr. 1995):  77-84.  On reserve.

PreText Magazine, Oct. 1997 issue (general article on digital libraries issues).  Available online at:  http://www.pretext.com/oct97/index.htm .

Oya Y. Rieger, "Digital Archiving:  Approaches for Statistical Files, Moving Images, and Audio Recordings," RLG DigiNews (Dec. 1998).  Available online at:  http://www.rlg.org/preserv/diginews/diginews2-6.html .

Kelly Russell, "Digital Preservation and the Cedars Project Experience," International Conference on the Preservation and Long Term Accessibility of Digital Materials (Dec. 2000).  Available online at:  http://www.rlg.org/events/pres-2000/russell.html .

Task Force on Archiving of Digital Information, "Preserving Digital Information:  Report of the Task Force on Digital Archiving," commissioned by the Commission on Preservation and Access and the Research Libraries Group.  Available online at:  http://www.rlg.org/ArchTF/index.html .

Donald Waters, "Transforming Libraries Through Digital Preservation," in Digital Imaging Technology for Preservation:  Proceedings from an RLG Symposium held March 17 & 18, 1994 (Mountain View, CA:  Research Libraries Group, 1994):  115-127.  On reserve.

Donald J. Waters, "The Implications of the Draft Report of the Task Force on Digital Archiving," presented at the Association of Research Libraries Fall Membership Meeting, October 1995.  Available online at:  http://www.arl.org/arl/proceedings/127/waters.html .

Paul Wheatley, "Migration — A CAMiLEON Discussion Paper," Ariadne 29 (Oct. 2001).  Available online at:  http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue29/camileon .

Deborah Woodyard, "Farewell My Floppy:  A Strategy for Migration of Digital Information" (National Library of Australia, 1997).  Available online at:  http://www.nla.gov.au/nla/staffpaper/valadw.html .
 

Metadata

Caroline R. Arms, "Access Aids and Interoperability" (Washington, D.C.:  Library of Congress, 1997).  Available online at:  http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award/docs/interop.html .

Michael Day, "Issues and Approaches to Preservation Metadata," Joint RLG and NPO Preservation Conference (1999).  Available online at:  http://www.rlg.org/preserv/joint/day.html .

Carl Fleischhauer, "Digital Historical Collections:  Types, Elements, and Constructions" (Washington, D.C.:  Library of Congress, 1996).  Available online at:  http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/elements.html .

Gail Hodge, "Systems of Knowledge Organization for Digital Libraries:  Beyond Traditional Authority Files" (CLIR Report, Apr. 2000).  Available online at:  http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub91/pub91.pdf .

Hurley, et al., The Making of America II Testbed Project:  A Digital Library Service Model (CLIR Report, Dec. 1999).  Available online at:  http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub87abst.html .

OCLC/RLG Working Group on Preservation Metadata, "Preservation Metadata for Digital Objects:  A Review of the State of the Art" (Jan. 2001).  Available online at:  http://www.oclc.org/research/pmwg/presmeta_wp.pdf .

Victoria Irons Walch, "Checklist of Standards Applicable to the Preservation of Archives and Manuscripts," American Archivist 53 (Spring 1990):  324-38.  On reserve.
 

Preservation of Data Files

Terry Cook, "Easy to Byte, Harder to Chew:  The Second Generation of Electronic Records Archives," Archivaria 33 (Winter 1991-92):  202-217.  On reserve.

Harrison Eiteljog, "If We Preserve the Files, Who Will Use Them?," paper presented at panel ("Digital Data:  Preservation and Re-Use") of Society of American Archivists Conference (2000).  Available online at:  http://www.csanet.org/saa/saa-adap.html.

Reagan W. Moore, Persistent Archives for Data Collections, San Diego Supercomputer Center Technical Report.  Available online at:  http://www.sdsc.edu/TR/sdsc-tr-1999-2.pdf. 

Alastair Dunning, "Excavating Data:  Retrieving the Newham Archive," (Arts and Humanities Data Service, 2001), available online at: http://ahds.ac.uk/newham.htm

Tom Zelenock and Kaye Marz, “Archiving Social Science Data:  A Collaborative Process,” ICPSR Bulletin (May 1997):  1-4. Available online at:  http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/ORG/Publications/Bulletin/May97/article.html

Check out the following sites:

Document Stability and Archival Integrity

David Levy, "Fixed or Fluid? Document Stability and New Media," Association for Machine Computing (ACM) Proceedings of the European Conference on Hypertext (1994):  24-31.  On reserve.

Clifford Lynch, "Canonicalization:  A Fundamental Tool to Facilitate Preservation and Management of Digital Information," D-Lib Magazine 5.9 (Sept. 1999).  Available online at:  http://www.dlib.org/dlib/september 99/09lynch.html .
 

Authenticity

Kevin Ashley, "I'm Me and You're You But Is That That?," International Conference on the Preservation and Long-Term Accessibility of Digital Materials (Dec. 2000).  Available online at:  http://www.rlg.org/events/pres-2000/ashley.html .

David Bearman and Jennifer Trant, "Authenticity of Digital Resources:  Towards a Statement of Requirements in the Research Process," D-Lib Magazine (June. 1998).  Available online at:  http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june98/06bearman.html .

George D. Barnum, "The Federal Depository Library Program Electronic Collection," International Conference on the Preservation and Long-Term Accessibility of Digital Materials (Dec. 2000).  Available online at:  http://www.rlg.org/events/pres-2000/barnum.html .

Nancy Brodie, "Authenticity, Preservation, and Access in Digital Collections," International Conference on the Preservation and Long-Term Accessibility of Digital Materials (Dec. 2000).  Available online at:  http://www.rlg.org/events/pres-2000/brodie.html .

Peter Graham, Intellectual Preservation:  Electronic Preservation of the Third Kind (Commission on Preservation and Access, Mar. 1994).  Available online at:  http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/graham/intpres.html .

InterPARES Project, Preservation Task Force Final Report (2001).  Available online at:  http://www.interpares.org/documents/ptf_draft_final_report.pdf .

Heather MacNeil, "Conceptualizing an Authentic Electronic Record," paper presented at Society of American Archivists conference (2000).  Available online at:  http://www.interpares.org/documents/hm_saa_2000.pdf .

Shelby Sanett and Eun Park, "Authenticity as a Requirement of Preserving Digital Data and Records," IASSIST Quarterly 24.1 (Spring 2000).  Available online at:  http://etext.library.ualberta.ca/IQ/iqVol241.pdf .
 

Managing Digitization and Digital Preservation Projects

Howard Besser and Robert Yamashita, "The Cost of Digital Image Distribution:  The Social and Economic Implications of the Production, Distribution, and Usage of Image Data (School of Information Management and Systems, UC Berkeley, 1998).  Available online at:  http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/Imaging/Databases/1998mellon/ .

Maynard Brichford and William Maher, "Archival Issues in Network Electronic Publications," Library Trends 43.4 (Spring 1995):  701-712.  On reserve.

Meredith A. Butler, "Issues and Challenges of Archiving and Storing Digital Information:  Preserving the Past for Future Scholars," Journal of Library Administration 24.4 (1997):  61-79.  On reserve.

Tom Clark, "On the Cost Differences Between Publishing a Book in Paper and in the Electrical Medium," Library Resources and Technical Services 39 (Jan. 1995):  23-28.  On reserve.

Colorado Digitization Project, "Questions to Ask."  Available online at:  http://coloradodigital.coalliance.org/question.html .

Anne J. Gilliland-Swetland, Enduring Paradigm, New Opportunities:  The Value of the Archival Perspective in the Digital Environment (CLIR Report, Feb. 2000).  Available online at:  http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub89abst.html .

Charles McClure and J. Timothy Sprehe, "Guidelines for Electronic Records Management on State and Federal Agency Websites."  Available online at:  http://istweb.syr.edu/~mcclure/guidelines.html.

OCLC/RLG, "Attributes of a Trusted Digital Repository:  Meeting the Needs of Research Resources" (Aug. 2001).  Available online at:  http://www.rlg.org/longterm/attributes01.pdf.

Thomas W. Shaughnessy, "Digital Information and the Library:  Planning and Policy Issues," Journal of Library Administration 24.4 (1997):  3-14.  On reserve. 

Neal Beagrie and Daniel Greenstein, “A Strategic Policy Framework for Creating and Preserving Digital Collections,” version 5.0, (updated, 7/01), available online at:  http://www.ahds.ac.uk/strategic.pdf

Disaster Preparedness and Recovery

Richard Cox, et al., "The Day the World Changed:  Implications for Library, Archival, and Information Science Education," First Monday 6.12 (Dec. 2001).  Available online at:  http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue6_12/cox/index.html.

September 11th Archive (part of the Internet Archive Wayback Machine).  Peruse it at:  http://september 11.archive.org/.

Richard W. Boss, "Disaster Planning for Computers and Networks," available online at:   http://www.pla.org/publications/technotes/technotes_disasterplanning.htm

Policy

Amy Friedlander, "The National Digital Information Infrastructure Preservation Program:  Expectations, Realities, Choices, and Progress to Date," D-Lib Magazine (Apr. 2002), available online at:   http://www.dlib.org/dlib/april02/friedlander/04friedlander.html